Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can be used in agriculture to provide farmers with a large
amount of information. Precision agriculture (PA) is a management strategy that employs …

This study reviews soil water balance (SWB) model approaches to determine crop irrigation
requirements and scheduling irrigation adopting the FAO56 method. The K c-ET o approach …

A reasonable estimation of crop water uptake depth (WUD) provides vital prerequisites for
determining scientific irrigation scheduling. However, real-time acquisition of crop WUD to …

The current study aims at reviewing and providing advances on methods for estimating and
applying crop coefficients from observations of ground cover and vegetation height. The …

The present study reviews the research on the FAO56 crop coefficients of fruit trees and
vines performed over the past twenty years. The main objective was to update information …

The increasing world population and expected climate scenarios impel the agricultural
sector towards a more efficient use of water. The scientific community is responding to that …

In this chapter, the Internet of Things (IoT) system is required for automating irrigation
systems and monitoring real-time data from sensors. IoT systems may easily and affordably …

Efficient and cost effective ways of irrigation have emerged as the need of the hour due to
limited sweet water resources, especially the countries that are seriously hit by a lack of …

The A&P approach, developed by Allen and Pereira (2009), estimates single and basal crop
coefficients (K c and K cb) from the observed fraction of ground cover (fc) and crop height …

Orchards consist of complex agricultural systems, with a variety of characteristics (planting
density, tree height, training system, canopy cover, irrigation method, interrow management) …