[HTML][HTML] Advanced sandwich structures for thermal protection systems in hypersonic vehicles: A review

VT Le, N San Ha, NS Goo - Composites Part B: Engineering, 2021 - Elsevier
A heat shield called the thermal protection system (TPS) is an important structure in
hypersonic vehicles as it prevents hot air from entering vehicles and potential impacts from …

[HTML][HTML] Multiscale, elastic, and low-density carbon fibre/siliconoxycarbide-phenolic interpenetrating aerogel nanocomposite for ablative thermal protection

X Jin, C Liu, H Huang, R Pan, C Wu, X Yan… - Composites Part B …, 2022 - Elsevier
Lightweight ablators are considered to be the most potential materials for ablative thermal
protection. Herein, a novel needle carbon fibre enhanced siliconoxycarbide-phenolic …

Performance of transpiration-cooled heat shields for reentry vehicles

T Hermann, M McGilvray, I Naved - AIAA Journal, 2020 - arc.aiaa.org
This paper presents results of a system study of transpiration-cooled thermal protection
systems for Earth reentry. The cooling performance for the sustained hypersonic flight and …

[HTML][HTML] Quantification of feature variability in porous ablators

LA Chacon, A Banerjee, C Brewer… - Composites Part B …, 2025 - Elsevier
A crucial component of space vehicles is the thermal protection system (TPS), which protects
the vehicle from extreme heat loads. Morphological variations in TPS materials arising from …

Design of new carbon-phenolic ablators: Manufacturing, plasma wind tunnel tests and finite element model rebuilding

L Paglia, V Genova, J Tirillò, C Bartuli… - Applied Composite …, 2021 - Springer
Ablative materials represent a widespread solution for shielding space vehicles from
overheating during a reentry phase in atmosphere where the high heating fluxes and the …

Spallation of carbon ablators in arcjet facility experiments

F Grigat, S Löhle, M Eberhart, A Meindl… - … of Thermophysics and …, 2023 - arc.aiaa.org
Spallation is the mostly undesirable phenomenon where solid particles are ejected from
ablative materials leaving less mass to be decomposed at the ablator surface. The exact …

Measurement of the aerothermodynamic state in a high enthalpy plasma wind-tunnel flow

T Hermann, S Löhle, F Zander, S Fasoulas - Journal of Quantitative …, 2017 - Elsevier
This paper presents spatially resolved measurements of absolute particle densities of N 2, N
2+, N, O, N+, O+, e− and excitation temperatures of electronic, rotational and vibrational …

An open carbon–phenolic ablator for scientific exploration

E Poloni, F Grigat, M Eberhart, D Leiser, Q Sautière… - Scientific Reports, 2023 - nature.com
Abstract Space exploration missions rely on ablative heat shields for the thermal protection
of spacecraft during atmospheric entry flights. While dedicated research is needed for future …

Spallation on carbon ablators

F Grigat, S Loehle, F Zander, S Fasoulas - AIAA Journal, 2022 - arc.aiaa.org
A comprehensive analysis of publicly available research statements on spallation processes
of ablative heat shield materials is presented. Based on the published data and numerical …

Influence of ablation on vacuum-ultraviolet radiation in a plasma wind tunnel flow

T Hermann, S Löhle, S Fasoulas, P Leyland… - … of Thermophysics and …, 2017 - arc.aiaa.org
Plasma wind tunnel experiments have been performed simulating a Hayabusa reentry
trajectory point at 78.8 km altitude with a velocity of 11.7 km/s corresponding to a local mass …