The transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family signaling pathway is conserved and
ubiquitous in animals. In Drosophila, fewer representatives of each signaling component are …

In the mid-1960s, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) were first identified in the extracts of
bone to have the remarkable ability to induce heterotopic bone. When the Drosophila gene …

BMP7/BMP2 or BMP7/BMP4 heterodimers are more active than homodimers in vitro, but it is
not known whether these heterodimers signal in vivo. To test this, we generated knock in …

In the Drosophila embryo, formation of a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) morphogen
gradient requires transport of a heterodimer of the BMPs Decapentaplegic (Dpp) and Screw …

Drosophila color vision is achieved by comparing outputs from two types of color-sensitive
photoreceptors, R7 and R8. Ommatidia (unit eyes) are classified into two subtypes, known …

The family of TGF-β and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling proteins has
numerous developmental and physiological roles. They are made as proprotein dimers and …

Dorsoventral patterning of the Drosophila embryo is regulated by graded distribution of bone
morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) composed of two ligands, decapentaplegic (Dpp) a BMP2/4 …

The cDNA sequence of the myostatin gene in the Pacific lion‐paw Nodipecten subnodosus
(Ns‐mstn) was characterized, and the temporal expression during grow‐out was analyzed …

Bilateria encompass the vast majority of the animal phyla. As the name states, they are
bilaterally symmetric, that is with a morphologically clear main body axis connecting their …

Due to their vast roles in human development, differentiation, homeostasis, and disease,
bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) have evolved along with numerous potentiating and …