Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is the leading cause of antimicrobial and health care-
associated diarrhea in humans, presenting a significant burden to global health care …

Clostridium (Clostridioides) difficile is a gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium that is an
important cause of disease in people, a variably important cause of disease in some animal …

Clostridium difficile is a significant pathogen with over 300 000 cases reported in North
America annually. Previously, it was thought that C. difficile was primarily a clinically …

Clostridium difficile is toxin-producing antimicrobial resistant (AMR) enteropathogen
historically associated with diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis in hospitalized patients …

Clostridial diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract are common in ruminant livestock;
however, their classification can be confusing because of the varied nomenclature of the …

Zoonoses are infections or diseases that can be transmitted between animals and humans
through direct contact, close proximity or the environment. Clostridium difficile is ubiquitous …

The recent discovery of the same Clostridioides difficile ribotypes associated with human
infection in a broad range of environments, animals and foods, coupled with an ever …

Many articles have summarized the changing epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infections
(CDI) in humans, but the emerging presence of C. difficile in foods and animals and possible …

ABSTRACT Recent reports in North America and Europe of Clostridium difficile being
isolated from livestock and retail meats of bovine origin have raised concerns about the risk …

The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of Clostridium difficile in intestinal
and carcass samples collected from pigs and cattle at a single slaughterhouse. C. difficile …