Inhomogeneities and cell-to-cell variations in lithium-ion batteries, a review

D Beck, P Dechent, M Junker, DU Sauer, M Dubarry - Energies, 2021 - mdpi.com
Battery degradation is a fundamental concern in battery research, with the biggest challenge
being to maintain performance and safety upon usage. From the microstructure of the …

End-of-life or second-life options for retired electric vehicle batteries

J Zhu, I Mathews, D Ren, W Li, D Cogswell… - Cell Reports Physical …, 2021 - cell.com
E-mobility, especially electric cars, has been scaling up rapidly because of technological
advances in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, LIBs degrade significantly with service life …

The effect of cell-to-cell variations and thermal gradients on the performance and degradation of lithium-ion battery packs

X Liu, W Ai, MN Marlow, Y Patel, B Wu - Applied Energy, 2019 - Elsevier
The performance of lithium-ion battery packs are often extrapolated from single cell
performance however uneven currents in parallel strings due to cell-to-cell variations …

Experimental investigation of parametric cell-to-cell variation and correlation based on 1100 commercial lithium-ion cells

K Rumpf, M Naumann, A Jossen - Journal of Energy Storage, 2017 - Elsevier
In order to prevent battery modules from inhomogeneity during operation, the integrated
battery cells should be matched. Therefore, the cell-to-cell variations of relevant cell …

Parameter variations within Li-Ion battery packs–Theoretical investigations and experimental quantification

M Baumann, L Wildfeuer, S Rohr, M Lienkamp - Journal of Energy Storage, 2018 - Elsevier
Single lithium-ion cells within electric vehicles' battery packs generally show variations in
capacity and impedance due to the manufacturing process as well as operational …

[HTML][HTML] Evolution of initial cell-to-cell variations during a three-year production cycle

M Schindler, J Sturm, S Ludwig, J Schmitt, A Jossen - ETransportation, 2021 - Elsevier
Consistent quality of the battery system in battery electric vehicles (BEVs) is highly
dependent on constant quality of the supplied individual cells. Especially for promising …

A study of cell-to-cell variation of capacity in parallel-connected lithium-ion battery cells

Z Song, XG Yang, N Yang, FP Delgado, H Hofmann… - ETransportation, 2021 - Elsevier
Capacity variation among battery cells can occur due to inconsistent manufacturing
processes and operating conditions, such as uneven temperature distribution. For a battery …

Quantifiability of inherent cell-to-cell variations of commercial lithium-ion batteries

L Wildfeuer, M Lienkamp - ETransportation, 2021 - Elsevier
Parameter variations of lithium-ion batteries are an important concern because they can
reduce the performance of a battery pack. To quantify inherent variations due to production …

Influence of cell-to-cell variations on the inhomogeneity of lithium-ion battery modules

K Rumpf, A Rheinfeld, M Schindler, J Keil… - Journal of The …, 2018 - iopscience.iop.org
Inhomogeneity within lithium-ion battery modules can occur due to variations in capacity and
impedance of the connected cells as well as due to thermal gradients or cell connector …

[HTML][HTML] A comprehensive approach for the clustering of similar-performance cells for the design of a lithium-ion battery module for electric vehicles

W Li, S Chen, X Peng, M Xiao, L Gao, A Garg, N Bao - Engineering, 2019 - Elsevier
An energy-storage system comprised of lithium-ion battery modules is considered to be a
core component of new energy vehicles, as it provides the main power source for the …