Evolvability is the ability of a biological system to produce phenotypic variation that is both
heritable and adaptive. It has long been the subject of anecdotal observations and …

With the molecular revolution in Biology, a mechanistic understanding of the genotype–
phenotype relationship became possible. Recently, advances in DNA synthesis and …

Genotype networks are sets of genotypes connected by small mutational changes that share
the same phenotype. They facilitate evolutionary innovation by enabling the exploration of …

Transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) are important sources of evolutionary innovations.
Understanding how evolution navigates the sequence space of such sites can be achieved …

Phenotypic variation is the raw material of adaptive Darwinian evolution. The phenotypic
variation found in organismal development is biased towards certain phenotypes, but the …

Non-additive interactions between mutations occur extensively and also change across
conditions, making genetic prediction a difficult challenge. To better understand the plasticity …

The phenotypic impacts of a genetic change can depend on genetic background (eg
epistasis), as well as other contexts including environment, developmental stage, cell type …

Background Horizontal gene transfer, the acquisition of genes across species boundaries, is
a major source of novel phenotypes that enables microbes to rapidly adapt to new …

A major obstacle to predictive understanding of evolution stems from the complexity of
biological systems, which prevents detailed characterization of key evolutionary properties …

Mutations to gene regulatory networks can be maladaptive or a source of evolutionary
novelty. Epistasis confounds our understanding of how mutations affect the expression …