Abstract Since SARS-CoV-2 BA. 5 (Omicron) emerged and spread in 2022, Omicron
lineages have markedly diversified. Here we review the evolutionary trajectories and …

Vaccines based on historical virus isolates provide limited protection from continuously
evolving RNA viruses, such as influenza viruses or coronaviruses, which occasionally spill …

The continuing emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants highlights the need to update COVID-19
vaccine compositions. However, immune imprinting induced by vaccination based on the …

Molnupiravir, an antiviral medication widely used against severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), acts by inducing mutations in the virus genome during …

COVID-19 vaccines have recently been updated to specifically encode or contain the spike
protein of the SARS-CoV-2 XBB. 1.5 subvariant, but their immunogenicity in humans has yet …

Substitutions that fix between SARS-CoV-2 variants can transform the mutational landscape
of future evolution via epistasis. For example, large epistatic shifts in mutational effects …

In late 2022, China transitioned from a strict 'zero-COVID'policy to rapidly abandoning nearly
all interventions and data reporting. This raised great concern about the presumably-rapid …

Abstract Although the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (BA. 1) spread rapidly across the world
and effectively evaded immune responses, its viral fitness in cell and animal models was …

The exploration of non-toxic and cost-effective dietary components, such as epigallocatechin
3-gallate and myricetin, for health improvement and disease treatment has recently attracted …

Background There is a paucity of data on the natural trajectory of outcomes in survivors of
COVID-19 beyond 2 years after symptom onset, and no evidence exists on the effect of re …