Background Cigarette smoking remains one of the leading public health threats worldwide.
Electronic cigarettes (e‐cigs) provide an alternative to conventional cigarette smoking; …

A biomarker is defined as a characteristic that is measured as an indicator of a normal
biological or pathological process, a response to an exposure or intervention. Biomarkers …

Periodontitis is modulated by a complex dysbiotic microbiota, these species stimulate
upward the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, which, in turn …

Objectives The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of sTREM-1 and its ligand
PGLYRP1, as well as the expression of MMP-8 and its inhibitor TIMP-1, in peri-implant …

Objective The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between bacteria-induced
butyric acid and periodontal disease progression. Design Normal human gingival fibroblasts …

Scaling and root planning (SRP) is considered as initial therapy for periodontitis. Adjuvant
therapy is needed to improve the healing response. This study aimed to determine the effect …

Periodontitis is the 6th most prevalent disease in the world with 11, 2% prevalence and 743
million individuals infected. MMP-8 is one of the inflammation biomarkers which is the most …

This study evaluated the adjunctive use of locally delivered carbonate apatite (CHA)
membrane with scaling and root planing (SRP) as compared with SRP alone in the …

Smoking is one of the factors that easily attaches debris to the teeth. This can increase the
occurrence of bad mouth success, moreover the frequency of smoking in Indonesia is still …

Titovska SO The use of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors in the complex treatment of
patients with generalized periodontitis.–Qualifying scientific work on the manuscript. Thesis …