The adaptive immune response is a major determinant of the clinical outcome after SARS-
CoV-2 infection and underpins vaccine efficacy. T cell responses develop early and …

Immunological memory is the basis of protective immunity provided by vaccines and
previous infections. Immunological memory can develop from multiple branches of the …

Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (B. 1.1. 529) has multiple spike protein
mutations, that contribute to viral escape from antibody neutralization,,–and reduce vaccine …

Background Although the three vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) that
have received emergency use authorization in the United States are highly effective …

INTRODUCTION Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA
vaccines are highly effective at preventing infection and especially severe disease …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new beta coronavirus
that emerged at the end of 2019 in the Hubei province of China. SARS-CoV-2 causes …

Antibodies against epitopes in S1 give the most accurate CoP against infection by the SARS‐
CoV‐2 coronavirus. Measurement of those antibodies by neutralization or binding assays …

A diverse array of successful, first-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have played a huge
role in efforts to bring the COVID-19 pandemic under control, even though inequitable …

A large body of evidence generated in the last two and a half years addresses the roles of T
cells in SARS-CoV-2 infection and following vaccination. Infection or vaccination induces …

INTRODUCTION Understanding human immune responses to severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA vaccines is of interest for a panoply of reasons …