Transport models are the main method to obtain physics information on the nuclear equation
of state and in-medium properties of particles from low to relativistic-energy heavy-ion …

We review recent theoretical developments relevant to heavy-ion experiments carried out
within the Beam Energy Scan program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Our main focus …

Abstract This White Paper presents an overview of the current status and future perspective
of QCD research, based on the community inputs and scientific conclusions from the 2022 …

We review the current state of research on electromagnetic probes in the context of heavy-
ion collisions. The focus is on thermal photons and dileptons which provide unique insights …

This article summarizes our present knowledge about nuclear matter at the highest energy
densities and its formation in relativistic heavy ion collisions. We review what is known about …

Hot QCD physics studies the nuclear strong force under extreme temperature and densities.
Experimentally these conditions are achieved via high-energy collisions of heavy ions at the …

The stopping of baryons in heavy ion collisions at beam momenta of p lab= 20–160A GeV is
lacking a quantitative description within theoretical calculations. Heavy ion reactions at …

Heavy-ion collisions at varying collision energies provide access to different regions of the
QCD phase diagram. In particular collisions at intermediate energies are promising …

The search for a first-order phase transition in strongly interacting matter is one of the major
objectives in the exploration of the phase diagram of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). In …

We review the current understanding of time-like virtual photon emission from QCD matter.
The phenomenology of dilepton emission is discussed and basic theoretical concepts are …