Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are both highly inflammatory diseases of
the gastrointestinal tract, collectively known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although …

The understanding of the intestinal inflammation occurring in the inflammatory bowel
diseases (IBD) has been immeasurably advanced by the development of the now numerous …

Th17 cells reactive to the enteric microbiota are central to the pathogenesis of certain types
of inflammatory bowel disease. However, Th17 cells display substantial developmental …

Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) are a large and diverse population of lymphoid
cells that reside between the intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) that form the intestinal mucosal …

Mucosal surfaces are lined by epithelial cells. These cells establish a barrier between
sometimes hostile external environments and the internal milieu. However, mucosae are …

It is now clear that functionally specialized regulatory T (Treg) cells exist as part of the
normal immune repertoire, preventing the development of pathogenic responses to both self …

AT helper cell type 1–mediated colitis develops in severe combined immunodeficient mice
after transfer of CD45RBhigh CD4+ T cells and can be prevented by cotransfer of the …

1α, 25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1, 25-(OH) 2D3], the active metabolite of vitamin D3, is known
for the maintenance of mineral homeostasis and normal skeletal architecture. However …

In recent years the status of the inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) as canonical
autoimmune diseases has risen steadily with the recognition that these diseases are, at their …

Vitamin D is an important immune system regulator. The active form of vitamin D, 1, 25-
dihydroxyvitamin D 3 [1, 25 (OH) 2 D 3], has been shown to inhibit the development of …