The predominantly animal-centric approach of chemical safety assessment has increasingly
come under pressure. Society is questioning overall performance, sustainability, continued …

Current approaches for the assessment of environmental and human health risks due to
exposure to chemical substances have served their purpose reasonably well. Nevertheless …

The outstanding work performed by standardization organizations for guidelines to assess
hazards, eg, OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development), is clearly …

The long-term investment in new approach methodologies (NAMs) within the EU and other
parts of the world is beginning to result in an emerging consensus of how to use information …

While whole animal studies have their place in risk assessment of food and feed
components, it is thought that more modern approaches such as human focused new …

In many industrial sectors, there is a need for reliable ways to evaluate the safety of
chemicals with methods anchored to human biology and pathology. For this purpose, many …

Abstract The EU's REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of
Chemicals) Regulation requires animal testing only as a last resort. However, our study …

To transfer toxicological findings from model systems, eg animals, to humans, standardized
safety factors are applied to account for intra-species and inter-species variabilities. An …

The assessment of persistence (P), bioaccumulation (B), and toxicity (T) of a chemical is a
crucial first step at ensuring chemical safety and is a cornerstone of the European Union's …

Transcriptomic analysis is a powerful method in the utilization of New Approach Methods
(NAMs) for identifying mechanisms of toxicity and application to hazard characterization …