The impact of early stress on juvenile development has intrigued scientists for decades, but
the adaptive significance of such effects remains an ongoing debate. This debate has …

In human populations, women consistently outlive men, which suggests profound biological
foundations for sex differences in survival. Quantifying whether such sex differences are also …

Among‐individual variation in vital rates, such as mortality and birth rates, exists in nearly all
populations. Recent studies suggest that this individual heterogeneity produces substantial …

Sexual conflict can arise when males evolve traits that improve their mating success but in
doing so harm females. By reducing female fitness, male harm can diminish offspring …

Environmental change often causes decreased food availability and/or increased foraging
costs, putting wild animals at risk of starvation. Body-fat reserves can enable individuals to …

Insects are key laboratory models for research on the fitness effects, genetics and plasticity
of senescence. It was long believed that insects almost never survive long enough to …

In a wide range of taxa, there is evidence that mothers adaptively shape the development of
offspring behaviour by exposing them to steroids. These maternal effects have major …

Previous studies have found relatively high chlorinated paraffin (CP) concentrations in
moose (Alces alces) compared with other wildlife from Scandinavia. To explore CP …

The disposable soma theory of ageing predicts that when organisms invest in reproduction
they do so by reducing their investment in body maintenance, inducing a trade-off between …

An increasing number of studies have investigated the diversity of actuarial senescence (ie
the increase of mortality with age) and mortality patterns in the wild. Most of these studies …