This paper gives a review of the current state of the art for numerical simulations of char
conversion. In particular, it presents models that have been developed to describe the …

Refineries must not only adapt to evolving environmental regulations for cleaner product
specifications and processing, but also find ways to meet the increasing demand for …

The demand for coal use (for electricity generation) and coal products, particularly liquid
fuels and chemical feedstocks, is increasing throughout the world. Traditional markets such …

This is a fascinating book. At first glance it is an eclectic compilation of facts, figures and
statistics on energy, energy densities, and power and power densities on our planet. It …

How is the future world energy demand to be met? The rates of use of the fossil fuels—coal,
oil and natural gas—are increasing all over the world. The remaining stocks are finite and …

Triboelectrification of solids is known since ancient times. Empirical experiments allow
materials to be arranged in so-called “triboelectric series”. Reproducibility, however, is poor …

Abstract Coal is the United States' most abundant nonrenewable energy resource. However,
the quality of many coals is too low to offset the practical, economic, and regulatory barriers …

There is a growing concern about fires in mines, coal mines in particular. Attempts are being
made to improve mine fire combat efforts and their prevention, taking advantage of …

Two coal samples collected from Makum coal field, Assam, India were studied by XRD and
FT-IR techniques. The X-ray diffractogram shows the existence of some crystalline carbons …

Feasibility of thermophilic (55° C) sulphate and sulphite reduction with H2 and CO2 gas‐
mixtures was studied in gas‐lift reactors, which contained pumice particles as carrier …