Understanding Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) hydrology is essential for evaluating response of
ice dynamics to a warming climate and future contributions to global sea level rise. Recently …

The manner by which meltwater drains through a glacier is critical to ice dynamics, runoff
characteristics, and water quality. However, much of the contemporary knowledge relating to …

There is now compelling evidence that microbially mediated reactions impart a significant
effect upon the dynamics, composition, and abundance of nutrients in glacial melt water …

Cryoconite is granular sediment found on glacier surfaces comprising both mineral and
biological material. Despite long having been recognised as an important glaciological and …

Cryoconite holes, which can cover 0.1–10% of the surface area of glaciers, are small, water‐
filled depressions (typically< 1 m in diameter and usually< 0.5 m deep) that form on the …

The cryosphere presents some of the most challenging conditions for life on earth.
Nevertheless,(micro) biota survive in a range of niches in glacial systems, including water …

The diversity of highly active bacterial communities in cryoconite holes on three Arctic
glaciers in Svalbard was investigated using terminal restriction fragment length …

Bacteriophage genomes rapidly evolve via mutation and horizontal gene transfer to counter
evolving bacterial host defenses; such arms race dynamics should lead to divergence …

Retreating ice fronts (as a result of a warming climate) expose large expanses of
deglaciated forefield, which become colonized by microbes and plants. There has been …

Roughly 10% of the Earth's surface is permanently covered by glaciers and ice sheets and
in mountain ecosystems, this proportion of ice cover is often even higher. From an ecological …