Organic semiconductors have become essential parts of thin-film electronic devices,
particularly as hole transport layers (HTLs) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) where they …

Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have made unprecedented progress
in the past ten years, the power conversion efficiency of which increased from 3.8% in 2009 …

Record power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been
obtained with the organic hole transporter 2, 2′, 7, 7′-tetrakis (N, N-di-p-methoxyphenyl …

Cesium tin chloride (CsSnCl3) is a potential and competitive absorber material for lead-free
perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The full potential of CsSnCl3 not yet been realized owing to …

Achieving the long-term stability of perovskite solar cells is arguably the most important
challenge required to enable widespread commercialization. Understanding the perovskite …

Highly efficient halide perovskite solar cells generally rely on lithium-doped organic hole
transporting layers that are thermally and chemically unstable, in part because of migration …

In perovskite solar cells, doped organic semiconductors are often used as charge-extraction
interlayers situated between the photoactive layer and the electrodes. The π-conjugated …

In state-of-the-art n–i–p structured perovskite solar cells (PSCs), a dopant for doping hole
transporting materials (HTMs) is a crucial component, which affects not only the electrical …

Discovering and optimizing commercially viable materials for clean energy applications
typically takes more than a decade. Self-driving laboratories that iteratively design, execute …

Photovoltaic solar cells based on perovskites have come to the forefront in science by
achieving exceptional power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) in less than a decade of …