[2] The World Meteorological Organization [1970] defines a polynya as ''any non-linear
shaped opening enclosed in (sea) ice... Sometimes the polynya is limited on one side by the …

Polynyas are nonlinear‐shaped openings within the ice cover, ranging in size from 10 to
105 km2. Polynyas play an important climatic role. First, winter polynyas tend to warm the …

Recent progress in sea ice concentration remote sensing by satellite microwave radiometers
has been stimulated by two developments: First, the new sensor Advanced Microwave …

A satellite‐based study was conducted to document daily changes in net primary production
(NPP) by phytoplankton in the Arctic Ocean from 1998 to 2009 using fields of sea ice extent …

Estimates of primary production in the Southern Ocean are difficult to obtain but are
essential if we are to understand its role in the global carbon cycle. Here we present a 9 …

Antarctic coastal polynyas are areas of reduced sea ice cover within the ice pack and their
associated surface waters are noted for sustaining enhanced levels of biological production …

An enhancement of the NASA Team sea ice concentration algorithm overcomes the problem
of a low ice concentration bias associated with surface snow effects that are particularly …

Circumpolar Mapping of Antarctic Coastal Polynyas and Landfast Sea Ice: Relationship and
Variability in: Journal of Climate Volume 28 Issue 9 (2015) Jump to Content Jump to Main …

Sea ice in the Arctic Ocean has undergone an unprecedented reduction in area and
thickness in the last decade, exposing an ever increasing fraction of the sea surface to solar …

Antarctic coastal polynyas are biologically rich ecosystems that support large populations of
mammals and birds and are globally significant sinks of atmospheric carbon dioxide. To …