Play is commonly used to assess affective states in both humans and non-human animals.
Play appears to be most common when animals are well-fed and not under any direct …

Current animal welfare protocols focus on demonstrating the absence (or at least low levels)
of indicators of poor welfare, potentially creating a mismatch between what is expected by …

Despite many advances in management and housing of dairy calves, 1 in 10 US dairy
heifers die before weaning. A better understanding of the internal and external stimuli that …

Abstract This Scientific Opinion addresses a European Commission request on the welfare
of calves as part of the Farm to Fork strategy. EFSA was asked to provide a description of …

Nowadays, there is growing interest in positive animal welfare not only from the view of
scientists but also from that of society. The consumer demands more sustainable livestock …

Background Play is a common and developmentally important behaviour in young
mammals. Specifically in Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus), reduced opportunity to engage in …

Play is a strong outwardly directed, emotional behaviour and can contagiously spread
between individuals. It has been suggested that high-playing animals could 'seed'play in …

This study investigated play behavior of dairy calves kept with the cow either full time or half
time in groups of 4 dam-calf pairs in 68-m 2 straw-bedded pens. Twenty-four of 48 calves …

Play behaviour can act as an indicator of positive animal welfare. Previous attempts to
predict play behaviour in farmed calves are limited because of the classification methods …

This study investigated the effect of group size on the behaviour, heart rate, immunity, and
growth of Holstein calves. A total of 132 calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments …