A number of challenges to the standard Λ CDM model have been emerging during the past
few years as the accuracy of cosmological observations improves. In this review we discuss …

Abstract LiteBIRD, the Lite (Light) satellite for the study of B-mode polarization and Inflation
from cosmic background Radiation Detection, is a space mission for primordial cosmology …

We present results from an analysis of all data taken by the BICEP2, Keck Array, and
BICEP3 CMB polarization experiments up to and including the 2018 observing season. We …

Since the expansion of the universe was first established by Edwin Hubble and Georges
Lemaître about a century ago, the Hubble constant H_0 H 0 which measures its rate has …

The European Space Agency's Planck satellite, which was dedicated to studying the early
Universe and its subsequent evolution, was launched on 14 May 2009. It scanned the …

We present the temperature and polarization angular power spectra of the CMB measured
by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 5400 deg 2 of the 2013–2016 survey …

We present cosmological parameter results from the final full-mission Planck measurements
of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies, combining information from the …

We present results from an analysis of all data taken by the bicep2/Keck CMB polarization
experiments up to and including the 2015 observing season. This includes the first Keck …

The current cosmological model requires new physics beyond the standard model of
elementary particles and fields, such as dark matter and dark energy. Their nature is …

We review recent developments and results in testing general relativity (GR) at cosmological
scales. The subject has witnessed rapid growth during the last two decades with the aim of …