Background Exoscopes were recently developed as an alternative to the operative
microscope (OM) and endoscope for intraoperative visualization in neurosurgery. Prior …

In 1985, Victor Scheinman developed the Programmable Universal Machine for Assembly
200, the first robot used in human surgery, to biopsy brain lesions. 1 In 2004, Mazor …

Spine surgery has significantly progressed due to innovations in surgical techniques,
technology, and a deeper understanding of spinal pathology. However, numerous …

Objective Spinal metastases can significantly affect quality of life in patients with cancer and
present complex neurosurgical challenges for surgeons. Surgery with instrumentation is …

Robotic surgery is increasingly utilized in hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) surgery, but the
learning curve is a substantial obstacle hindering implementation. Comprehensive robotic …

Structured Abstract Background Context Various statistical approaches exist to delineate
learning curves in spine surgery. Techniques range from dividing cases into intervals for …

To the Editor: We read with great interest the recent article by Sarikonda et al 1 comparing
the cost of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion using freehand (n= 233), intraoperative …

Recent decades have seen numerous significant advancements in the field of spinal and
lumbar fusion surgeries, including the augmentation of surgical precision with robotic …

As academic spine surgeons operating at teaching hospitals, we have had the pleasure of
witnessing new technology enhance our ability to treat modern spine patients. In the past 4 …

Purpose: The aim of this study is to comprehensively analyze the application of robotic
technology in spine surgery and display the current research status in this field. Methods: To …