Intracellular delivery is a key step in biological research and has enabled decades of
biomedical discoveries. It is also becoming increasingly important in industrial and medical …

The permanent cellular constituents of the heart include cardiac fibroblasts, myocytes,
endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells. Previous studies have demonstrated …

Heme oxygenases are composed of two isozymes, Hmox1 and Hmox2, that catalyze the
degradation of heme to carbon monoxide (CO), ferrous iron, and biliverdin, the latter of …

The endothelium, a monolayer of endothelial cells, constitutes the inner cellular lining of the
blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries) and the lymphatic system, and therefore is in …

Endothelium‐dependent hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) is a powerful vasodilator influence in
small resistance arteries and thus an important modulator of blood pressure and flow. As the …

The term endothelium-derived hyperpolarising factor (EDHF) was introduced in 1987 to
describe the hypothetical factor responsible for myocyte hyperpolarisations not associated …

The endothelium controls vascular tone not only by releasing NO and prostacyclin, but also
by other pathways causing hyperpolarization of the underlying smooth muscle cells. This …

The endothelium controls vascular tone not only by releasing nitric oxide (NO) and
prostacyclin but also by other pathways causing hyperpolarization of the underlying smooth …

Direct intercellular communication via gap junctions is critical in the control and coordination
of vascular function. In the cardiovascular system, gap junctions are made up of one or more …

Abstract Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major cause of myocardial damage. Despite
continuous efforts, minimizing I/R injury still represents a great challenge in standard …