Lipid rafts are subdomains of the plasma membrane that contain high concentrations of
cholesterol and glycosphingolipids. They exist as distinct liquid-ordered regions of the …

The cell biology of caveolae is a rapidly growing area of biomedical research. Caveolae are
known primarily for their ability to transport molecules across endothelial cells, but modern …

Ras signalling has classically been thought to occur exclusively at the inner surface of a
relatively uniform plasma membrane. Recent studies have shown that Ras proteins interact …

Although they were discovered more than 50 years ago, caveolae have remained enigmatic
plasmalemmal organelles. With their characteristic “flasklike” shape and virtually ubiquitous …

The bulk structure of biological membranes consists of a bilayer of amphipathic lipids.
According to the fluid mosaic model proposed by Singer and Nicholson, the …

RAS proteins are small GTPases, which serve as master regulators of a myriad of signaling
cascades involved in highly diverse cellular processes. RAS oncogenes have been …

Caveolae were originally identified as ffask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane
in endothelial and epithelial cells (14). Prior to the development of biochemical methods for …

The amino acid sequence of caveolin-1 predicts that it is an integral membrane protein, and
there is strong experimental evidence that it has this property. For example, caveolin-1 is …

Caveolae are 50-to 100-nm omega-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane that
function as regulators of signal transduction. Caveolins are a class of oligomeric structural …

We showed previously in neocortical explants, derived from developing wild-type and
estrogen receptor (ER)-α gene-disrupted (ERKO) mice, that both 17α-and 17β-estradiol elicit …