Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) face significant challenges due to their constrained
resources, particularly energy, necessitating efficient utilization to prolong their lifespan. This …

In high-speed railway operational monitoring network systems targeting railway
infrastructure as its monitoring objective, there is a wide variety of sensor types with diverse …

The low-cost and convenient feature of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has made them
popular in many sectors over the last decade. The WSNs are now widely used as a result of …

Battery energy is limited in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs); thus energy is a key element
in designing WSNs. In particular, the effective utilization of energy becomes the major …

Devices with sensors are rapidly becoming indispensable. As the technology behind
sensors has improved, a wide variety of sensor-based automated systems have emerged …