Viscoelastic surfactants (VES) are amphiphilic molecules which self-assemble into long
polymer-like aggregates—wormlike micelles. Such micellar chains form an entangled …

Unconventional resources like shale gas has been the focus of intense research and
development for two decades. Apart from intrinsic geologic factors that control the gas shale …

This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the application and research progress of
CO 2 fracturing fluids in China, highlights the existing issues and puts forward suggestions …

Liquid nitrogen (LN2) fracturing is an anhydrous fracturing technology that enhances coal
permeability and supports unconventional oil and gas exploitation. In this Review, we …

Supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO 2) fracturing is a green, clean, waterless extraction
technique that has gained widespread attention. Coal pore properties, such as porosity …

CO 2-Enhanced recovery has attracted extensive attention, meanwhile reducing
greenhouse gas emissions via CO 2 geological sequestration is causing global concern in …

The behavior of gas flow in fractures is crucial for evaluating shale gas production. This
study focused on the coupling relationships between effective stress, surface roughness …

The energy crisis has intensified in recent years. The current global economic environment
and increasing cost of mining necessitate additional energy access channels. Previous …

A significant amount of the natural gas in shale formations is contained in the micro-and
mesopores as dissolved (absorbed) phase and on the surfaces of associated microcracks …

Due to the constraint of fresh water, the reuse of flowback and produced water (FPW) with
high TDS, is critical to minimize the environmental impact of oil/gas exploration. The …