Previous studies have suggested that phthalates are associated with birth weight. However,
most phthalate metabolites have not been fully explored. Therefore, we conducted this meta …

Background Owing to the lack of compiled global evidence on out‐of‐pocket expenditure
(OOPE) for antenatal care (ANC), this systematic review and meta‐analysis estimated the …

Background Direct and time costs of accessing and using health care may limit health care
access, affect welfare loss, and lead to catastrophic spending especially among poorest …

Background Caesarean section (C-section) delivery is an important indicator of access to life-
saving essential obstetric care. Yet, there is limited understanding of the costs of utilising C …

Background: Despite recent evidence demonstrating iron and folate supplementation
reduces the risk of low birth weight and preterm births, synthesis of the evidence is not …

Background Three evidence-based midwife-led care practices: dynamic birth positions
(DBP), immediate skin-to-skin contact (SSC) with zero separation between mother and …

Introduction: Global evidence suggests that high out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure negatively
affects health service utilization and creates an economic burden on households during …

Background: This study seeks to determine the extent of women's out-of-pocket (OOP)
payments for delivery under the free maternity policy (FMP). Methods: We conducted a …

Background Nearly 100 million people are pushed into poverty every year due to
catastrophic health expenditures (CHE). We evaluated the impact of cash support programs …

Objective This study explored the experiences of women with maternal near miss and their
perceptions of the quality of care they received in three facilities in Malawi. Methods This …