The escalating consumption of fossil fuels and dumping of palm kernel shells (PKS) drives
biofuel production to improve supply and waste disposal. To convert PKS into modified …

The sustainable conversion of biomass into biofuels, chemicals and biomaterials has gained
increasing attention to ensure the well-being of present and future generations. Among the …

Current ways of managing spent coffee grounds (SCGs) are uneconomical and have
significant environmental impacts. Alternative approaches, such as hydrothermal …

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is an effective way to harmlessly dispose municipal
sludge (MS). This work comprehensively reviewed critical hydrothermal parameters of HTC …

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a facile, low-cost and eco-friendly thermal conversion
process that has recently gained attention with a growing number of publications (lower 50 …

Green waste (GW), rich in cellulose and hemicellulose, is a valuable resource. Developing
alternative sustainable technologies to utilize GW is attracting increasing attention. In this …

The development of advanced electrochemical energy storage devices (EESDs) is of great
necessity because these devices can efficiently store electrical energy for diverse …

To investigate the effect of pyrolysis temperatures on combustion behaviors of bamboo
charcoal, molded bamboo rods were carbonized from 200 to 800° C under the nitrogen …

Blackwater (source-separated toilet wastewater) is highly concentrated in both organic
carbon and nutrients. A consensus prevails that blackwater is a valuable resource instead of …

Resource recovery from faecal sludge can take many forms, including as a fuel, soil
amendment, building material, protein, animal fodder, and water for irrigation. Resource …