Parkinson's disease is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by the
accumulation of misfolded alpha-synuclein protein (Lewy bodies) in dopaminergic neurons …

Metabolites produced by the host and microbiota play a crucial role in how human bodies
develop and remain healthy. Most of these metabolites are produced by microbiota and …

The intricate processes of microbiota-gut-brain communication in modulating human
cognition and emotion, especially in the context of mood disorders, have remained elusive …

Gut-liver-brain axis is a three-way highway of information interaction system among the
gastrointestinal tract, liver, and nervous systems. In the past few decades, breakthrough …

The involvement of the gut microbiota and the metabolites of colon-residing bacteria in brain
disease pathogenesis has been covered in a growing number of studies, but comparative …

The Mediterranean diet is a plant-based, antioxidant-rich, unsaturated fat dietary pattern that
has been consistently associated with lower rates of noncommunicable diseases and total …

Background Considerable evidence has been reported that tobacco use could cause
alterations in gut microbiota composition. The microbiota-gut–brain axis also in turn hinted at …

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory neurodegenerative disease
mediated by autoimmune reactions against myelin proteins and gangliosides in the grey …

A growing number of studies in rodents indicate a connection between the intestinal
microbiota and the brain, but comprehensive human data is scarce. Here, we systematically …

The gut–brain axis is a bidirectional communication network connecting the gastrointestinal
tract and central nervous system. The axis keeps track of gastrointestinal activities and …