Wine, and particularly red wine, is a beverage with a great chemical complexity that is in
continuous evolution. Chemically, wine is a hydroalcoholic solution (~ 78% water) that …

Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) represent a complex system model, in need of a shift of
approach exploring the main factors mediating the regulation of the system, internal or …

Management of phenylketonuria (PKU) requires lifelong restriction of phenylalanine (Phe)
intake using specialized medical foods to prevent neurocognitive impairment in affected …

Abstract Background Patients with Phenylketonuria (PKU) are exposed to multiple
cardiovascular risk factors, but the clinical significance of these abnormalities is yet …

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inborn error of metabolism associated with high blood levels of
phenylalanine (Phe). A Phe-restricted diet supplemented with L-amino acids is the main …

The Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inborn defect of phenylalanine (Phe) metabolism, in which
Phe accumulated in the blood causing alterations at the central nervous system. Therefore …

The composition and functioning of the gut microbiota, the complex population of
microorganisms residing in the intestine, is strongly affected by endogenous and exogenous …

Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance Fructus Gardenia (FG) is a widely used bitter and
cold herb for clearing heat and detoxicating. Currently, toxicity of FG and its relative formula …

Background Individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU) have a risk of cognitive impairment and
inflammation. Many follow a low-phenylalanine (low-Phe) diet devoid of animal protein in …

The deficiency of the enzyme glutaryl‐CoA dehydrogenase, known as glutaric acidemia type
I (GA‐I), leads to the accumulation of glutaric acid (GA) and glutarilcarnitine (C5DC) in the …