In recent years, the altitude acclimatization responses elicited by short-term intermittent
exposure to hypoxia have been subject to renewed attention. The main goal of short-term …

Ischemic postconditioning initially referred to a stuttering reperfusion performed immediately
after reperfusion, for preventing ischemia/reperfusion injury in both myocardial and cerebral …

The reticulon family has been found to induce apoptosis, inhibit axon regeneration and
regulate protein trafficking. However, little is known about the mechanisms of how reticulon …

Astrocytes are believed to bridge interactions between infiltrating lymphocytes and neurons
during brain ischemia, but the mechanisms for this action are poorly understood. Here we …

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) is often accompanied by upregulation of
homocysteine (Hcy). Excessive Hcy damages cerebral vascular endothelial cells and …

Background Ischemic postconditioning (IPOC), or relief of ischemia in a stuttered manner,
has emerged as an innovative treatment strategy to reduce programmed cell death …

Neuron apoptosis is known to mediate a change of ethology following cerebral
ischemia̸reperfusion injury in rats. Additionally, Bcl‑2, Bax and caspase‑3 proteins may …

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been implicated in the pathology of cerebral
ischemia. During prolonged period of stress or when the adaptive response fails, apoptotic …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act physiologically as signaling molecules. In pathological
conditions, such as ischemic stroke, ROS are released in excessive amounts and upon …

Remote ischemic postconditioning (RIPoC) attenuates ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in
the heart, lung and hind limb. RIPoC performed in the hind limb reduces brain injury …