Calcium ion is vital for the regulation of many cellular functions and serves as a second
messenger in the signal transduction pathways. Once the intracellular Ca2+ level exceeds …

Various artificial transmembrane transporters, designed to function through mobile carrier or
channel mechanisms, have been developed in the past decade. With the aid of structural …

Despite the excellent photodynamic and photothermal properties of organic molecular
photosensitizers (PSs) and photothermal agents (PTAs), such as porphyrin and …

Here, a Mn (III)-sealed metal–organic framework (MOF) nanosystem based on coordination
between Mn (III) and porphyrin (TCPP) via a one-pot method was designed and constructed …

Calcium ion therapy is a potential anticancer treatment. However, the cellular calcium-
buffering mechanism limited the effectiveness of calcium ion therapy. Here, we constructed a …

Autophagy triggered by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in photodynamic therapy (PDT)
generally exhibits an anti-apoptotic effect to promote cell survival. Herein, an innovative …

Autophagy enables the maintenance of nutrient recycling and metabolic homeostasis
through a multistep lysosomal degradation pathway, and it has been demonstrated that …

Enhanced imaging techniques using contrast agents enable high-resolution structural
imaging to reveal space-occupying lesions but rarely provide detailed molecular …

Generally, autophagy/mitophagy, as a highly conserved lysosomal-based catabolic
pathway, compromises the photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficiency by increasing the …

In recent years, the use of aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) for
biological imaging and phototherapy has become an area of intense research. However …