Humans, like all mammals, partition their daily behaviour into activity (wakefulness) and rest
(sleep) phases that differ largely in their metabolic requirements. The circadian clock …

A majority of mammalian genes exhibit daily fluctuations in expression levels, making
circadian expression rhythms the largest known regulatory network in normal physiology …

Circadian clocks align behavioral and biochemical processes with the day/night cycle.
Nearly all vertebrate cells possess self-sustained clocks that couple endogenous rhythms …

Carbon monoxide (CO) is increasingly being accepted as a cytoprotective and homeostatic
molecule with important signalling capabilities in physiological and pathophysiological …

Biological clocks are genetically encoded oscillators that allow organisms to anticipate
changes in the light–dark environment that are tied to the rotation of Earth. Clocks enhance …

Circadian rhythms occur in almost all species and control vital aspects of our physiology,
from sleeping and waking to neurotransmitter secretion and cellular metabolism …

The hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) coordinate cellular adaptations to low oxygen stress by
regulating transcriptional programs in erythropoiesis, angiogenesis and metabolism. These …

The mammalian circadian system consists of a master clock in the brain that synchronizes
subsidiary oscillators in peripheral tissues. The master clock maintains phase coherence in …

Circadian cycles affect a variety of physiological processes, and disruptions of normal
circadian biology therefore have the potential to influence a range of disease-related …

The heme oxygenases, which consist of constitutive and inducible isozymes (HO-1, HO-2),
catalyze the rate-limiting step in the metabolic conversion of heme to the bile pigments (ie …