Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central
nervous system (CNS) characterized by acute optic neuritis (ON) and transverse myelitis …

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are small lipid hormones produced by the adrenals that maintain
organismal homeostasis. Circadian and stress-induced changes in systemic GC levels …

Summary The term 'neuromyelitis optica'('Devic's syndrome', NMO) refers to a syndrome
characterized by optic neuritis and myelitis. In recent years, the condition has raised …

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune disease of the CNS that is characterized by
inflammatory demyelinating lesions in the spinal cord and optic nerve, potentially leading to …

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and NMO spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are inflammatory CNS
syndromes mainly involving the optic nerve and/or spinal cord and characterized by the …

Several animal and human studies have implicated CD4+ T helper 17 (Th17) cells and their
downstream pathways in the pathogenesis of central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity in …

Vaccines are important for protecting individuals at increased risk of severe infections,
including patients undergoing DMARD therapy. However, DMARD therapy can also …

Leptospirosis, a re-emerging zoonotic disease, remains a significant global health concern,
especially amid floods and disasters such as the Kakhovka Dam destruction. As is known …

Antigen presentation is in the center of the immune system, both in host defense against
pathogens, but also when the system is unbalanced and autoimmune diseases like multiple …

Abstract Autoantibodies to aquaporin-4 (AQP4) are pathogenic in neuromyelitis optica
spectrum disorder (NMOSD). However, it is not known which B cells are the major …