E-waste is the source of both hazardous materials and valuable secondary resources. The
challenge is to identify the potential for recovering value from this waste stream for different …

The circular economy (CE) has inspired the emergence of circular supply chains (CSCs) to
reduce the environmental impacts of linear production systems. However, the transition to …

Abstract Rare Earth Magnets (REM), especially the NdFeB type, are essential components
in high-performance electric motors and wind turbines, playing an important role in the shift …

The world is facing a growing neodymium demand, creating the need for developing a
recycling system to handle future waste flows. Recycling technologies are emerging, but the …

The growing popularity of electric and hybrid vehicles has led to a sudden increase in
demand for batteries needed for their construction. The increasing quantity of batteries …

Islands are bounded systems, often plagued with several sustainability challenges of limited
land and resource availability, as well as pressing waste management issues. Despite these …

The unprecedented technological development and economic growth over the past two
decades has resulted in streams of rapidly growing electronic waste (e-waste) around the …

In recent years, under the background of global low-carbon development, the production of
NdFeB magnets has increased dramatically. With the end of magnet life, a large number of …

Rising geopolitical tensions and the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic have intensified
concerns about securing access to the critical raw materials (CRMs) that are needed for the …

Permanent magnets produce magnetic fields and maintain the field even in the presence of
an opposing magnetic field. They are widely used in electric machines, electronics, and …