In this paper we review the technologies available to make globally quantitative
observations of particles in general—and plankton in particular—in the world oceans, and …

Ocean biogeochemical models describe the ocean's circulation, physical properties,
biogeochemical properties and their transformations using coupled differential equations …

To describe the underlying processes involved in oceanic plankton dynamics is crucial for
the determination of energy and mass flux through an ecosystem and for the estimation of …

Oceanic mesoscale eddies continuously regulate the horizontal and vertical transport of
mass, heat, salt, carbon, and nutrients throughout the ocean system owing to their ubiquity …

Biogeochemical ocean models are useful tools but subject to uncertainties arising from
simplifications, inaccurate parameterization of processes, and poorly known model …

Effective data assimilation methods for incorporating observations into marine
biogeochemical models are required to improve hindcasts, nowcasts and forecasts of the …

Current information on the response of phytoplankton to turbulence is linked to cell size and
nutrient availability. Diatoms are considered to be favored by mixing as dissolved nutrients …

The size-fractionated phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing are crucial for the
temporal change of community size structure, regulating not only trophic transfer but also the …

Understanding how phytoplankton respond to their physical environment is key to predicting
how bloom dynamics might change under future climate change scenarios. Phytoplankton …

Diagenetic processes are important drivers of water column biogeochemistry in coastal
areas. For example, sediment oxygen consumption can be a significant contributor to …