With climate, biodiversity and inequity crises squarely upon us, never has there been a more
pressing time to rethink how we conceptualize, understand and manage our relationship …

Surface-canopy forming kelps provide the foundation for ecosystems that are ecologically,
culturally, and economically important. However, these kelp forests are naturally dynamic …

Climate change is responsible for increased frequency, intensity, and duration of extreme
events, such as marine heatwaves (MHWs). Within eastern boundary current systems …

Marine heatwaves threaten the persistence of kelp forests globally. However, the observed
responses of kelp forests to these events have been highly variable on local scales. Here …

Marine protected areas (MPAs) have gained attention as a conservation tool for enhancing
ecosystem resilience to climate change. However, empirical evidence explicitly linking …

Giant kelp and bull kelp forests are increasingly at risk from marine heatwave events,
herbivore outbreaks, and the loss or alterations in the behavior of key herbivore predators …

Kelp forests line a quarter of the world's coastlines and provide diverse ecosystem services.
While kelps are a harvested resource themselves, they are also foundation species that form …

The recent collapse of predatory sunflower sea stars (Pycnopodia helianthoides) owing to
sea star wasting disease (SSWD) is hypothesized to have contributed to proliferation of sea …

The factors that determine why ecosystems exhibit abrupt shifts in state are of paramount
importance for management, conservation, and restoration efforts. Kelp forests are …

Canopy-forming kelps are foundation species in many coastal ecosystems, but kelp-forest
communities are subject to abrupt state changes caused by environmental drivers and …