Cruel oil or green gold is a dilemma for the oil palm industry. The oil palm industry (planting
and milling) has a devastating impact on the environment and ecosystems. Oil palm …

The world's largest area of tropical peatland ecosystems is found in South-East Asia. These
peatlands have globally significant carbon stocks and play an important role in regional and …

Over the last three decades, most of the 25 million hectares of tropical peatlands in
Southeast Asia have been deforested and drained. As a consequence, declining water …

The expansion of large‐scale oil palm plantations in Indonesia has taken a heavy toll on
forests, biodiversity, and carbon stocks but little is known about the environmental impacts …

Palm oil is a promising source of cooking oil and biodiesel. The demand for palm oil has
been increasing worldwide. However, concerns exist surrounding the environmental and …

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is recognised as one of the biggest sources of pollution due to
its eutrophying nature and methane emitting treatment. Although biogas recovery and …

We compiled available data and information on the global and regional areas (Ramsar
regions), and changes in area, of 22 classes of marine or coastal and inland wetlands. From …

Peatlands have been recognised as globally important carbon sinks over long timescales
that produced a global, net-climatic cooling effect over the Holocene. However, little is …

Increasing global demand of vegetable oils and biofuels results in significant oil palm
expansion in southeastern Asia, predominately in Malaysia and Indonesia. The land …

By 2030 Indonesia aims to reduce its CO 2 emissions by 29% while maintaining a 7%
annual GDP growth rate, thus making “green economy” a reality. Based on a review of …