Influenza remains one of the major public health concerns because it causes annual
epidemics and can potentially instigate a global pandemic. Numerous countermeasures …

Viral infections, in addition to damaging host cells, can compromise the host immune
system, leading to frequent relapse or long-term persistence. Viruses have the capacity to …

Influenza viruses are responsible for millions of cases globally and significantly threaten
public health. Since pandemic and zoonotic influenza viruses have emerged in the last 20 …

Annually, swine influenza A virus (SwIAV) causes severe economic loss to swine industry.
Currently used inactivated SwIAV vaccines administered by intramuscular injection provide …

Viruses have a worldwide impact on healthcare and social and economic growth because
they are the largest cause of mortality due to infectious diseases. Furthermore, the long-term …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a pandemic
involving so far more than 22 million infections and 776,157 deaths. Effective vaccines are …

In order to improve bioavailability, stability, control release, and target delivery of active
pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), as well as to mask their bitter taste, to increase their …

Swine influenza virus (SwIV) is one of the important zoonotic pathogens. Current flu
vaccines have failed to provide cross-protection against evolving viruses in the field. Poly …

Abstract Background Influenza A Viruses (IAV) are endemic pathogens of significant
concern in humans and multiple keystone livestock species. Widespread morbidity in swine …

Most of current influenza virus vaccines fail to develop a strong immunity at lung mucosae
(site of viral entry) due to sub-optimal vaccination protocols (eg inactivated virus …