Purpose Recent years have seen a change in the way that clinical trials are being
conducted. There has been a rise of designs more flexible than traditional adaptive and …

Muscle loss alone, or in the context of sarcopenia or cachexia, is a prevalent condition and a
predictor of negative outcomes in aging and disease. As adequate nutrition is essential for …

Background Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a rare, life-threatening, inflammatory
skin disease characterized by widespread eruption of sterile pustules. Interleukin-36 …

Background An earlier analysis of this phase 3 trial showed that the addition of a cyclin-
dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor to endocrine therapy provided a greater …

Background Enhancing tumor-specific T-cell immunity by inhibiting programmed death
ligand 1 (PD-L1)–programmed death 1 (PD-1) signaling has shown promise in the treatment …

Background The cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor palbociclib, in
combination with fulvestrant therapy, prolongs progression-free survival among patients with …

Background Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists differ in chemical structure, duration
of action, and in their effects on clinical outcomes. The cardiovascular effects of once-weekly …

Background Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a relapsing, autoimmune,
inflammatory disorder that typically affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. At least two …

Some Journal readers may have noticed more parsimonious reporting of P values in our
research articles over the past year. For example, in November 2018, we published two …

Importance Intravitreous injections of antivascular endothelial growth factor agents are
effective for treating diabetic macular edema (DME) involving the center of the macula …