History matching is a type of inverse problem in which observed reservoir behavior is used
to estimate reservoir model variables that caused the behavior. Obtaining even a single …

There has been great progress in data assimilation within atmospheric and oceanographic
sciences during the last couple of decades. In data assimilation, one aims at merging the …

This open-access textbook's significant contribution is the unified derivation of data-
assimilation techniques from a common fundamental and optimal starting point, namely …

Transition toward renewable energies is an important step to tackle climate change and to
build a sustainable energy system. Fluctuation in availability of renewable energy sources is …

It is in the previous chapters stated that the EnKF analysis scheme may have problems in
cases where the number of measurements is larger than the number of members in the …

Deep saline formations are considered potential sites for geological carbon storage. To
better understand the CO 2 trapping mechanism in saline aquifers, it is necessary to develop …

Simulation is the fastest developing branch of geostatistics and simulating facies inside
reservoirs and orebodies is the most exciting part of this. Several methods have been …

With the advances in smart well technology, substantially higher oil recovery can be
achieved by intelligently managing the operations in a closed-loop optimization framework …

The dynamical equations for multiphase flow in porous media are highly non-linear and the
number of variables required to characterize the medium is usually large, often two or more …

Formation properties are one of the key factors in numerical modeling of flow and transport
in geologic formations in spite of the fact that they may not be completely characterized. The …