The 1921 discovery of insulin was a Big Bang from which a vast and expanding universe of
research into insulin action and resistance has issued. In the intervening century, some …

Immuno-positron emission tomography (immunoPET) is a paradigm-shifting molecular
imaging modality combining the superior targeting specificity of monoclonal antibody (mAb) …

The discovery of insulin 100 years ago and its application to the treatment of human disease
in the years since have marked a major turning point in the history of medicine. The …

Background The insulin-like growth factor family of ligands (IGF-I, IGF-II, and insulin),
receptors (IGF-IR, M6P/IGF-IIR, and insulin receptor [IR]), and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP-1 …

The relative insufficiency of insulin secretion and/or insulin action causes diabetes.
However, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus can be associated with an absolute increase …

Insulin resistance is one of the earliest defects in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Over
the past 50 years, elucidation of the insulin signalling network has provided important …

Elevated circulating insulin levels are frequently observed in the setting of obesity and early
type 2 diabetes, as a result of insensitivity of metabolic tissues to the effects of insulin. Higher …

Background The brain was once thought of as an insulin-insensitive organ. We now know
that the insulin receptor is present throughout the brain and serves important functions in …

Twenty-nine years following the breakthrough discovery that a single-gene mutation of daf-2
doubles Caenorhabditis elegans lifespan, it remains unclear where this insulin/IGF-1 …

The rising pancreatic cancer incidence due to obesity and type 2 diabetes is closely tied to
hyperinsulinemia, an independent cancer risk factor. Previous studies demonstrated …