Chronic inflammation, which is called “inflamm-aging”, is characterized by an increased
level of inflammatory cytokines in response to physiological and environmental stressors …

As is apparent from the many contributions to this Special Issue of the Journal, the impact of
age on immunity is nefarious, with all manner of dysregulated responses attributed to …

Summary Convalescing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients mount robust T cell
responses against SARS-CoV-2, suggesting an important role of T cells in viral clearance …

Biological aging is characterized by a chronic low-grade inflammation level. This chronic
phenomenon has been named “inflamm-aging” and is a highly significant risk factor for …

CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD4-CTLs) have been reported to play a protective role in
several viral infections. However, little is known in humans about the biology of CD4-CTL …

Aging is associated with a dysregulation of the immune response, loosely termed
“immunosenescence.” Each part of the immune system is influenced to some extent by the …

As we age, the immune system undergoes a process of senescence accompanied by the
increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, a chronic subclinical condition named as …

Cells communicate with each other via receptor-ligand interactions. Here, we describe
lentiviral-mediated cell entry by engineered receptor-ligand interaction (ENTER) to display …

The high prevalence of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) is a significant
health concern. In particular, virus-specific immunity in patients who suffer from chronic …

Until the mid-20th century, infectious diseases were the major cause of morbidity and
mortality in humans. Massive vaccination campaigns, antibiotics, antivirals, and advanced …