During Parkinson's disease (PD), both the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral
nervous system (PNS) are affected. In parallel, innate immune cells respond early to …

Pexidartinib (PLX3397) is a small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor of colony
stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) with moderate selectivity over other members of the …

The accumulation of alpha-synuclein (αSyn) is widely recognized as the main pathological
process in Parkinson's disease (PD). Additionally, neuroinflammation is considered to be …

We and others have reported that systematic stimulation of the central innate immune
system by a low dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can improve depression-like behavior in …

Reactive microglia are observed with aging and in Lewy body disorders, including within the
olfactory bulb of men with Parkinson's disease. However, the functional impact of microglia …

Abstract Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is one of the commonest neurodegenerative
diseases of adult-onset, which is characterized by the progressive death of motor neurons in …

Pharmacological inhibition of the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2), an
oxidative stress–activated calcium channel, was previously reported to be protective in …

Aside from the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, inflammation is a key component in
the movement disorder Parkinson's disease (PD). Microglia activation as well as elevated …

We recently reported that intraperitoneal injection of a low dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
reversed depression-like behavior in mice induced by chronic stress by stimulating microglia …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by dopaminergic
neuron death and neuroinflammation. Emerging evidence points to the involvement of the …