Ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes are the most common known cerebrovascular disease
which can be induced by modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Age and race are the …

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the world. Stroke not only
affects the patients, but also their families who serve as the primary caregivers. Discovering …

Methamphetamine (METH) is a stimulant drug, which can cause neurotoxicity and increase
the risk of neurodegenerative disorders. The mechanisms of acute METH intoxication …

Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury causes cognitive deficits, excitotoxicity,
neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and brain edema. Vitamin K2 (Menaquinone 4, MK-4) …

Oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction play critical roles in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)
injury in the brain. β-carotene (βCAR) is a naturally occurring pigment present in fruits and …

Ligustilide (LIG), a main lipophilic component isolated from Cnidii Rhizoma (Cnidium
officinale, rhizome) and Angelicae Gigantis Radix (Angelica gigas Nakai, root), has been …

Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders,
such as vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). The present study was performed to investigate …

Objective: Preconditioning exercise can exert neuroprotective effects after stroke; however,
the effects of exercise intensity, frequency, duration are unknown. We investigated the …

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) exosomes may limit cardiac injury, and even reverse cardiac
damage in animal models of ischemia. To understand exosome-mediated improvement in …

It is well-established that reperfusion following cerebral ischemic injury gives rise to
secondary injury accompanied by structural and functional damage. However, it remains …