Transfer RNA (tRNA) is an adapter molecule that links a specific codon in mRNA with its
corresponding amino acid during protein synthesis. tRNAs are enzymatically modified post …

A growing class of small RNAs, known as tRNA-derived RNAs (tdRs), tRNA-derived small
RNAs or tRNA-derived fragments, have long been considered mere intermediates of tRNA …

Mitochondria generate most cellular energy via oxidative phosphorylation. Twenty-two
species of mitochondrial (mt-) tRNAs encoded in mtDNA translate essential subunits of the …

Posttranscriptional modifications of transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are critical for all core aspects of
tRNA function, such as folding, stability, and decoding. Most tRNA modifications were …

Mitochondria are eukaryotic organelles that generate most of the energy in the cell by
oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Each mitochondrion contains multiple copies of a …

In mammalian mitochondria, 22 species of tRNAs encoded in mitochondrial DNA play
crucial roles in the translation of 13 essential subunits of the respiratory chain complexes …

tRNA molecules are post‐transcriptionally modified by tRNA modification enzymes.
Although composed of different chemistries, more than 40 types of human tRNA …

Abstract tRNA are post-transcriptionally modified by chemical modifications that affect all
aspects of tRNA biology. An increasing number of mutations underlying human genetic …

Transfer RNA (tRNA) modifications are critical for protein synthesis. Queuosine (Q), a 7-
deaza-guanosine derivative, is present in tRNA anticodons. In vertebrate tRNAs for Tyr and …

Micronutrients from the diet and gut microbiota are essential to human health and wellbeing.
Arguably, among the most intriguing and enigmatic of these micronutrients is queuine, an …