The emphasis in this article is on the growing interest in the pathophysiology and
therapeutic potential of purinergic signalling. 1–8 However, it begins with a review of the …

The purinergic system is composed of purine and pyrimidine transmitters, the enzymes that
modulate the interconversion of nucleotides and nucleosides, the membrane transporters …

Treating pain by inhibiting ATP activation of P2X3-containing receptors heralds an exciting
new approach to pain management, and Afferent's program marks the vanguard in a new …

Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SBG) is a
perennial herb with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities, which is …

Arthritis is one of the most common complications of human brucellosis, but its pathogenic
mechanisms have not been elucidated. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) are known to be …

Inflammation of the salivary gland is a well-documented aspect of salivary gland dysfunction
that occurs in Sjogren's syndrome (SS), an autoimmune disease, and in γ-radiation-induced …

Introduction Innate defence regulator (IDR) peptides are synthetic cationic peptides, variants
of naturally occurring innate immune effector molecules known as host defence peptides …

The joint is a complex anatomical structure consisting of different tissues, each with a
particular feature, playing together to give mobility and stability at the body. All the joints …

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a neuromodulator involved in nociceptive
hypersensitivity in the central nervous system, is also expressed in synoviocytes of …

A considerable proportion of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) do not respond to
monospecific agents. The purpose of our study was to generate a hybrid form of biologics …