The ability to prepare for mutually exclusive possible events in the future is essential for
everyday decision making. Previous studies have suggested that this ability develops …

Infants' thoughts are classically characterized as iconic, perceptual-like representations. 1, 2,
3 Less clear is whether preverbal infants also possess a propositional language of thought …

Humans possess the remarkable capacity to imagine possible worlds and to demarcate
possibilities and impossibilities in reasoning. We can think about what might happen in the …

Preschoolers struggle to solve problems when they have to consider what might and might
not happen. Instead of planning for all open possibilities, they simulate one possibility and …

The ability to think about future events and consider mutually exclusive possibilities is a
bedrock of human cognition—essential for adaptive contingency planning, logical analysis …

Do preschoolers differentiate events that might and might not happen from events that
cannot happen? The current study modified Redshaw & Suddendorf's “Y-shaped tube task” …

The origins of the human capacity for logically structured thought are still a mystery. Studies
on young humans, which can be particularly informative, present conflicting results. Infants …

Abstract relations are considered the pinnacle of human cognition, allowing for analogical
and logical reasoning, and possibly setting humans apart from other animal species. Recent …

Children grow up surrounded by opportunities to learn (the language of their community, the
movements of their body, other people's preferences and mental lives, games, social norms …

This study investigated whether there are aging-related differences in pupil dilation
(pupillometry) while the cognitive load is manipulated using digit-and word-span tasks. A …