Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) are highly prevalent in the human
population. These viruses cause lifelong infections by establishing latency in neurons and …

Antigen recognition and presentation are highlighted as the first steps in developing
specialized antigen responses. Dendritic cells (DCs) are outstanding professional antigen …

Vδ2+ T cells play a critical role in immunity to micro-organisms and cancer but exhibit
substantial heterogeneity in humans. Here, we demonstrate that CD26 and CD94 define …

Macrophages (MФ), the primary cell of the innate immune system, serves as the first line of
defense. During bacterial infection, Gram-negative (G-) bacteria release nanosized outer …

Mollusk hemocyanins have been used for decades in immunological and clinical
applications as natural, nontoxic, nonpathogenic, and nonspecific immunostimulants for the …

Reduced expression of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is an important pathogenic factor in hypertrophic
scarring (HTS). Such a reduction can be found in connection with the main known risk …

Recent evidence suggests that a loss of expression of caveolin in the stromal compartment
(sCav-1) of human invasive breast carcinoma (IBC) may be a predictor of disease …

The renin–angiotensin receptor AT2R controls systemic blood pressure and is also
suggested to modulate metastasis of cancer cells. However, in the latter case, the …

Monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs) and granulocytic MDSCs (G-
MDSCs) have been found to be massively induced in TB patients as well in murine Mtb …

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells. Upon maturation, DCs
express costimulatory molecules and migrate to the lymph nodes to present antigens to T …