Given the high volume of patient visits for foot and ankle complaints, developing a
systematic approach to evaluation of foot and ankle pathology is important for orthopaedic …

Ankle sprains are mainly benign lesions, but if not well addressed can evolve into
permanent disability. A non-treated lateral, syndesmotic or medial ankle instability can …

Background Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is the main complication of ankle sprains and
requires surgery if non-operative treatment fails. Surgical ankle stabilisation techniques can …

Subtalar instability remains a topic of debate, and its precise cause is still unknown. The
mechanism of injury and clinical symptoms of ankle and subtalar instabilities largely overlap …

Background A lateral ankle sprain (LAS) is the most common musculoskeletal injury in the
physically active population. It is uncertain what percentage of these patients develop …

Purpose Chronic ankle instability has been described as presenting with complete tears of
both the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) and calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) in 20% of …

Background Chronic ankle instability (CAI) arises from the two etiological factors of
functional (FAI) and mechanical ankle instability (MAI). To distinguish the contributions of the …

Purpose Open ligament repair is widely considered the gold standard treatment for chronic
ankle instability. Nevertheless, arthroscopic treatment of ankle instability has gained …

Within the broad topic of lateral ankle instability the involvement of the subtalar joint is
frequently neglected despite about 25% of the cases presenting with combined injuries of …

Purpose To introduce an all-inside modified Broström technique to suture the anterior
talofibular ligament (ATFL) and inferior extensor retinaculum (IER) under arthroscopy and to …