Simple Summary Radiotherapy with carbon ions has been used for over 20 years in Asia
and Europe and is now planned in the USA. The physics advantages of carbon ions …

Radiotherapy with high-energy charged particles has become an attractive therapeutic
option for patients with several tumour types because this approach better spares healthy …

Radiotherapy should have low toxicity in the entrance channel (normal tissue) and be very
effective in cell killing in the target region (tumour). In this regard, ions heavier than protons …

Charged particle therapy has been largely driven and influenced by nuclear physics. The
increase in energy deposition density along the ion path in the body allows reducing the …

The use of charged particle therapy to control tumours non-invasively offers advantages
over conventional radiotherapy. Protons and heavy ions deposit energy far more selectively …

Carbon ion therapy is a promising evolving modality in radiotherapy to treat tumors that are
radioresistant against photon treatments. As carbon ions are more effective in normal and …

Abstract Linear Energy Transfer (LET) is widely used to express the radiation quality of ion
beams, when characterizing the biological effectiveness. However, averaged LET may be …

Featured Application Radiation therapy treatment planning. Abstract Radiation therapy (RT)
is a constantly evolving therapeutic technique; improvements are continuously being …

Background and Significance The application of heavy ion beams in cancer therapy must
account for the increasing relative biological effectiveness (RBE) with increasing penetration …

LET-painting was suggested as a method to overcome tumour hypoxia. In vitro experiments
have demonstrated a well-established relationship between the oxygen enhancement ratio …