Pancreatic endocrine tumors (PETs) have long fascinated clini-cians, because some can
release biologically active hormones that cause distinct syndromes and provide important …

Learning Objectives Assess the basic aspects of PNET tumor biology, pathogenesis, and
classification. Explain the epidemiology and evaluate the prognosis of PNET patients …

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a transcription factor that regulates cellular stress
responses. While the levels of HIF-1α protein are tightly regulated, recent studies suggest …

Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP‐NETs) are relatively rare tumors that
arise from the diffuse neuroendocrine system. This heterogeneous group of tumors was …

The pathobiology of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is hampered by the lack of scientific
tools that define their mechanisms of secretion, proliferation, and metastasis; and, currently …

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (PETs) are the second most frequent pancreatic
neoplasms. Their poor chemosensitivity, high rate of metastatic disease and relatively long …

Molecular profiling of GEP-NETs demonstrates that pancreatic endocrine tumors and
gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors (carcinoids) display different genetic changes and …

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) present a wide spectrum of malignant diseases from rather
benign to very malignant variants. The majority of these tumors are sporadic, but there are …

Abstract von Hippel Lindau disease (VHL) is an autosomal dominant familial cancer
syndrome linked to alteration of the VHL tumor suppressor gene. Affected patients are …

Neuroendocrine tumors can develop either sporadically or in association with familial
syndromes such as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), multiple endocrine …